電泳技術：基本知識和種類—山東電泳加工公司
文章來源 : 青島電(dian)泳加(jia)工|山東(dong)電(dian)泳加(jia)工|濰坊電(dian)泳加(jia)工
發布(bu)時(shi)間 : 2015-11-11
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電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)現(xian)(xian)象早在1890年就被發現(xian)(xian)，1907年有人(ren)曾在瓊(qiong)脂(zhi)中電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)，研究白喉(hou)毒素。1937年由Tiselius制成界面(mian)電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)儀，并開始用于蛋白質的(de)研究。從此，人(ren)們才逐漸認識到(dao)電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術對于生物科(ke)學研究是一(yi)種重要工(gong)具。然而(er)，界面(mian)電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)結構復(fu)雜(za)，價(jia)格昂貴難于普及(ji)。1940年左右，以紙為支(zhi)持(chi)物的(de)電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)問世后，電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)術得(de)到(dao)迅速發展。
電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳技術以支持物分(fen)，可分(fen)為(wei)：紙電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳，醋酸纖維素薄膜電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳，淀粉凝(ning)(ning)膠(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳，瓊(qiong)脂（糖）凝(ning)(ning)膠(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳及(ji)聚丙(bing)烯酰胺凝(ning)(ning)膠(jiao)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳等。經凝(ning)(ning)膠(jiao)形(xing)狀分(fen)有水平平板電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳，園(yuan)盤柱狀電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳及(ji)垂直平板電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳。各種類型的(de)電(dian)(dian)(dian)泳技術概括如表。
各類電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)已經廣(guang)泛地用于基礎理論研究，臨床(chuang)診斷及工業制造等(deng)方(fang)(fang)面。例(li)如用醋酸(suan)(suan)纖(xian)維薄膜電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)分析血清(qing)(qing)蛋(dan)白(bai)；用瓊(qiong)脂(zhi)對流免疫電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)分析病人(ren)血清(qing)(qing)，用高壓電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)分離(li)肽(tai)段，研究蛋(dan)白(bai)質結構；用高壓電(dian)泳(yong)(yong)(yong)和層(ceng)析結合研究核酸(suan)(suan)的結構。凝膠龜泳(yong)(yong)(yong)技(ji)(ji)術(shu)在分離(li)分析酶。蛋(dan)白(bai)質，核酸(suan)(suan)等(deng)生物大分子方(fang)(fang)面具有較高的分辯力，為生物化(hua)學，分子生物學的發展(zhan)作出了重大貢獻。
